The gingival margin, or free gingival crest, at the most superficial part of the marginal gingiva, is also easily seen clinically, and its location should be recorded on a patients chart. Histochemistry of gingiva free download as powerpoint presentation. Orban, clinical and histologic study of the surface characteristics of the gingiva oral surg. Attached gingiva article about attached gingiva by the free. Assessment of gingival biotype and keratinized gingival width of. Assessment of the width of attached gingiva using different. Abstractthe metachromatic phenomenon in the gingival connective tissue was studied. The gingival fibers are the connective tissue fibers that inhabit the gingival tissue adjacent to teeth and help hold the tissue firmly against the teeth. The gingiva is composed of an outer epithelium and an inner network of connective tissue. Select the correct image based on the above description.
Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. The attached gingiva is defined as the portion of the gingivae extending from the base of the gingival crevice to the mucogingival line. This outer epithelial layer is keratinized, forming a protective layer around the tooth. Gingiva article about gingiva by the free dictionary. Healthy gingiva the following descriptors are characteristics of the size of healthy gingiva. Particular surgical principles of crown lengthening are examined in detail. Inflammation, bleeding upon probing, and pocket depths are the most important diagnostic aids or signs of gingival or periodontal. The width of the attached gingiva can be accurately measured if scaling has not been done. The attached gums are continuous with the marginal gum. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Wegeners granulomatosis gw is a multisystemic granulomatous vasculitis that predominantly affects the airways and the kidneys, but.
Gingiva the gingiva jin je va is the part of the oral tissue oral mucosa covered by keratinized epithelium. This entity is observed more frequently in young children and seems to regress with age. It is caused by intersection of epithelial rete ridges. Gingivae definition of gingivae by medical dictionary. It is firm, dense, sometimes stippled, and tightly bound down to the underlying periosteum, tooth and bone. The colgate periodontal education program gingival recession. Marginal gingiva free gingival groove shallow linear depression that demarcates fmarginal gingiva from the adjacent attached gingiva about 50% of cases usually about 1mm wide, the marginal gingiva. There are various methods of locating the mucogingival junction namely the functional method and the visual method with and without histochemical staining. It pays to assess the location of the mucogingival junction prior to implant therapy in order to plan surgical approach from the decision to flap or not ive seen many who are so enamoured by the flapless technique that they. Lang harald loe introduction in man the keratinized gingiva includes the free and the attached gingiva and extends from the gingival mar gin to the mucogingival junction. Contained within the inner gingival connective tissue are gingival fibroblasts, which play a crucial role in tissue repair and the inflammatory response. Dec 11, 2016 the retrocuspid papilla is a circumscribed nodule resembling a fibroma located on the gingiva lingual to the mandibular cuspid.
Position of gingival margin and junctional epithelium. A clinical evaluation of anatomic features of gingiva in dental. May 02, 2014 the assessment of width of attached gingiva in different age groups by vm revealed that the width of gingiva increases with age wherein the mean width in maxillary teeth in of the gingiva balint orban, m. Cancer of the gingiva is a rare disease in the western world. These findings led to their conclusion that at least 2 mm of keratinized gingiva is required for stability of the periodontium lang and loe, 1972. Position of gingival margin and junctional epithelium a thorough examination of the gingiva includes evaluation of color, size, shape form or contour, consistency, surface texture, position of the gingival margin and junctional epithelium, mucogingival junctions, bleeding and exudate. The width of attached gingiva varies in different areas of the mouth and have been given a range of 19 mm, 14 mm, 05 mm. Assessment of the width of attached gingiva using different methods. In the present study, the range of the mean width of attached gingiva varied from 1 mm to 4 mm.
The gingival epithelial cells are guarantee to grow for more than 4 passages in gingival epithelial cell culture medium. The relationship between the width of keratinized gingiva and. Pdf threedimensional histochemistry and imaging of. Gingival and dentogingival junctional tissue pocket. The cells have been expanded in our serumfree gingival epithelial cell culture medium and are cryopreserved at passage 2. However, mild variations with regard to race differences were observed. A clinical study of the width of the attached gingiva in the. The gingiva was found to be thicker in females than males, in the mandibular arch than the maxilla with statistical significance p feb 01, 2017 marginal gingiva the marginal, or unattached, gingiva is the terminal edge or border of the gingiva surrounding the teeth in collarlike fashion 6. Gingival epithelial cells ax3555 500,000 cells axol. Applications identify, quantify, and localize chemical substances, gene expression, biological, specific cell types clarify cell and tissue structure and morphology.
Interactionsbetweenthegingiva andthemarginofrestorations. Van noorden2 1 department of operative dentistry, university medical center of the johannes gutenberg. The attached gingiva has a thick layer of mainly parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium, which obscures its extensive vascular supply in the lamina propria, making the tissue pinkish see figure 911. The relationship between the width of keratinized gingiva. The development of periodontal plastic surgery miller. The marginal gingiva is stabilized by the gingival fibers that have no bony support. Quintarelli department of oral pathology, university of alabama medical centre, birmingham, alabama, u. Marginal gingiva the marginal, or unattached, gingiva is the terminal edge or border of the gingiva surrounding the teeth in collarlike fashion 6. The attached gingiva and the marginal gingiva have some similar histology, yet each has features specific to the tissue figure 102. Histochemistry has been developed between the morphology and functionology, employing both anatomy and. The relationship between the width of keratinized gingiva and gingival health by niklaus p. The width of attached gingiva is the distance between the mucogingival junction to projection of the external surface of the bottom of the sulcus or the periodontal pocket. The periodontium 1 the gingiva and perio ligament at. Some mucosal diseases rarely involve the gingiva, e.
This means that when a probe is placed at the gingival margin in a healthy mouth, it can be inserted up to three millimeters into the sulcus formed. The gingival tissue runs from the mucogingival line, which marks the boundary with the nonkeratinised buccal mucosa, and covers the coronal aspect of the alveolar process. The texture of the gingival surface may be similar to orange peel and is referred to gingival stippling. Primary human gingival epithelial cells are isolated from gingiva tissue from a single adult donor. The gingiva line the external surface of the periodontium fig. The marginal gingiva has a more translucent appearance than the attached gingiva, yet has a similar clinical appearance, including pinkness, dullness, and firmness. The mean width of the attached gingiva did not show an increase from the deciduous to the permanent dentition. Attached gingiva definition of attached gingiva by medical. Restoring lost gingival pigmentation in the esthetic zone. The assessment of width of attached gingiva in different age groups by vm revealed that the width of gingiva increases with age wherein the mean width in maxillary teeth in pdf file. The term periodontal biotype was used later by seibert and lindhe, who classified the gingiva as.
Gingiva, attached extension base definition of gingiva. Additional instructions and trouble shooting are included with the game. In health, attached gingiva the oral mucosa covering the base of the alveolar bone maintenance care for a patient treated for periodontal disease includes periodic assessment of 1. The importance of keratinized gingiva surrounding dental implants. The retrocuspid papilla is a circumscribed nodule resembling a fibroma located on the gingiva lingual to the mandibular cuspid. Jan 26, 2018 in the present study, 3d histochemistry and imaging methodology is described for human gingiva to analyze its vascular network. Gingiva definition of gingiva by the free dictionary. Healthy gingival tissue forms a protective collar around a tooth. Study 110 the periodontium 1 the gingiva and perio ligament flashcards from sara g. The majority of diseases of the oral mucosa may also affect the gingiva and the mucosa of the alveolar ridges in edentulous part of the jaws. By contrast, gingival overgrowth refers to an increase in gingival volume due to an excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins. In this section through the gingiva, the space c between the dentin of the tooth a on the right and the gingiva b on the left is normally occupied by enamel which has been lost during tissue processing. The gingiva is the only visible part of the periodontium that can be seen in the mouth.
Size the size of gingiva is related to the amount of cellular, intercellular material and collagenous material. Part of oral mucosa that covers the alveolar processes of the jaws and surrounds the necks of the teeth. Thus the teeth in their entirety are on display as well as the interdental gingival tissue and the border of free gingiva around the cervical area of the tooth. Pdf in the present study, 3d histochemistry and imaging methodology is described for human gingiva to analyze its vascular network. The importance of keratinized gingiva surrounding dental. It covers the alveolar processes of the jaws and surrounds the portions of the teeth near where the root and crown join cervical portion. Pyogenic granuloma hyperplastic lesion of the gingiva. Because of its rarity, the reporting on the disease is sparse and often grouped with. While in this position, the rubber stopper of the endodontic file was fixed on the soft tissue. Similar to the variations seen in bowers study, the widest zone of attached gingiva was found in the incisors and the least. The subcrevicular physiologic space is analogous to the biologic width described by gargiulo et al. Prior to extraction, children were subjected to a period.
When the researchers examined patients who had stained gingiva versus those who did not, they found that earlystage lesions demonstrated a reddish blush of the oral mucosa and gingiva, while latestage lesions demonstrated increased blush of the oral tissues, as well as hyperplasia of the soft tissue or bone in the affected area. Fifteen human gingiva samples without signs of inflammation were. On attached gingiva in the narrow premolar regions 1. Case report gingival hyperplasia being the first sign of wegeners. Histologic characteristics of the gingiva associated with the. In health, attached gingiva the oral mucosa covering the base of the alveolar bone maintenance care for a patient treated for periodontal disease includes periodic. Gingiva project gutenberg selfpublishing ebooks read. Makilko katsuki and sawako hojo, long term observation of gingiva enlargement technique application of wound healing materials, nihon shishubyo gakkai kaishi. The relationship between the width of keratinized gingiva prosites.
In contrast, the marginal gingiva lacks the presence of stippling, and the tissue is mobile or free from the underlying tooth surface, as can be demonstrated with a periodontal probe. Tissue consistency and texture in gingivitis foundations of. Histology and surgical augmentation article pdf available in general dentistry 574. Attached gingiva, free gingival groove, gingival sulcus.